Xiashuijing Village is a historically Hakka-speaking community located in the southeastern part of Jihua Subdistrict (吉华街道 Jíhuá Jiēdào), Shenzhen. It borders Shilongkeng Village (石龙坑村 Shílóngkēng Cūn), Dapotou Village (大坡头村 Dàpōtóu Cūn), and Shangshuijing Village (上水径村 Shàngshuǐjìng Cūn). Established in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the village was founded by ancestors of the Qiu (邱) clan, who migrated here to cultivate the land and settle permanently. Located in a mountain valley beneath Jigong Mountain (鸡公山 Jīgōng Shān), the village sits along the lower reaches of Shuijing River (水径 Shuǐjìng), which inspired its name. It was formerly known as Xiawei Village (下围村 Xiàwéi Cūn).

The terrain includes nearby hills such as Jigong Mountain and Gaoyingdong (高应洞 Gāoyìngdòng), with the Buji River (布吉河 Bùjí Hé) flowing east of the village. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, it belonged to Xin’an County (新安县 Xīn’ān Xiàn). In 1914, it was under Bao’an County (宝安县 Bǎo'ān Xiàn). In October 1949, it became part of Buji Township (布吉乡 Bùjí Xiāng) of Bao’an County. In October 1958, it was placed under Hongqi Commune (红旗公社 Hóngqí Gōngshè); in January 1959, Buji Commune (布吉公社 Bùjí Gōngshè); in January 1979, Buji Commune of Longhua District, Shenzhen City (深圳市龙华区 Shēnzhèn Shì Lónghuá Qū); in October 1981, Buji Commune of Bao’an County, Shenzhen; in July 1983, Buji District (布吉区 Bùjí Qū); in October 1986, Buji Town (布吉镇 Bùjí Zhèn); in January 1993, Buji Town of Longgang District, Shenzhen City (深圳市龙岗区 Shēnzhèn Shì Lónggǎng Qū); in 2004, it became part of Shuijing Community (水径社区 Shuǐjìng Shèqū) under Buji Subdistrict; and in December 2016, with the establishment of Jihua Subdistrict, it became part of Shuijing Community under Jihua Subdistrict, remaining in the southeast of the subdistrict.

The long-settled villagers are primarily from the Qiu (邱) lineage, who migrated from Fujian to Meizhou, Guangdong during the late Southern Song period. They later moved to Longgang and eventually relocated to this village from Shabeili (沙背坜 Shābèilì) during the late Ming dynasty. The Liu (刘) clan also resides here, having migrated from Fujian to Chaozhou (潮州 Cháozhōu) in 1208 (1st year of Jiading era, Southern Song), later moving to Dongguan and finally settling here during the Kangxi reign of the Qing dynasty. The Liao (廖) clan arrived from Fujian to Meizhou during the late Southern Song period, later moving to Danshui (淡水 Dànshuǐ), and then settling in Xiashuijing in the late Ming dynasty.

The long-standing residents are all Han Chinese of the Hakka (客家 Kèjiā) subgroup, and they speak the Hakka dialect. Traditional housing consists of Hakka-style dwellings. Eighty such houses remain, most built during the late Qing and early Republican periods, each covering around 40 square meters. Due to decades of neglect, most have fallen into disrepair and are now uninhabited.

In the 1980s, the village began attracting “Three Plus One Supplement” (三来一补 sānlái yībǔ: materials supplied, parts assembled, sample processing, and compensatory trade) businesses. The Huasheng Hardware Factory (华声五金厂 Huáshēng Wǔjīn Chǎng), introduced in 1980, became the second processing factory in Buji Subdistrict. After rural urbanization in 2003, the village established a stock cooperative company, leading to rapid development of the collective economy. Today, this economy is based primarily on renting factory buildings, while individuals mainly earn income through labor and business. Villagers’ main sources of income include dividends from the collective economy, house rentals, and wage labor.

Local natural resources include building stone and river sand. The village was electrified in 1970, had cement roads by 1981, access to tap water in 1982, telephone service by 1987, and internet access in 1996.

The village contains two ancestral halls: the Qiu Ancestral Hall (邱氏宗祠 Qiūshì Zōngcí), covering approximately 80 square meters, and the Liu Ancestral Hall (刘氏宗祠 Liúshì Zōngcí), about 90 square meters. Both were constructed during the Qing dynasty. The interior walls of both halls have collapsed and are no longer in use. There was once also a Liao Ancestral Hall (廖氏宗祠 Liàoshì Zōngcí), which has fully collapsed due to disrepair, leaving only the site.

A single watchtower (碉楼 diāolóu) remains in the village, built in the late Qing dynasty. Still structurally intact, it stands about 15 meters tall and has a square layout. Its interior is constructed from timber, with rammed earth outer walls. Each level has four square lookout holes, one on each wall, and the rooftop is fitted with fish-shaped drainage outlets.

The village maintains the traditional Hakka custom of sharing “Big Basin Feast” (客家大盆菜 Kèjiā Dà Péncài). During the 1970s and 1980s, Xiashuijing Village had a Kirin Dance Team (麒麟队 qílín duì) composed of local villagers including Qiu Tianfu (邱天福) and Yan Wenqiu (彦文球). On festive occasions such as New Year’s and other celebrations, the team would perform Kirin dances both in the village and in surrounding rural areas of Shenzhen.

Because of geographical closeness, similar Hakka phonetic features can be found in nearby villages such as Daliang Village (大靓村 Dàliàng Cūn), Xiliang Village (细靓村 Xìliàng Cūn), Shangshuijing Village (上水径村 Shàngshuǐjìng Cūn), Dapotou Village (大坡头村 Dàpōtóu Cūn), and Shilongkeng Village (石龙坑村 Shílóngkēng Cūn). However, due to large-scale migration in recent decades, the number of outsiders or citizens from other regions of China who do not speak the local Hakka dialect has increased significantly. Among the younger generation, though many are local residents, most do not use Hakka for daily communication or only understand a limited number of words, placing the dialect at risk of becoming endangered.