ono
Sense 1
English: Translation
1. what?; what thing?; what action? Used as the productive interrogative root from which numerous verbal, nominal, and adverbial interrogatives are derived.
Sense 2
English: Translation
2. An indefinite placeholder equivalent to thingamajig, whatchamacallit, so-and-so, or something when the precise name or action is unknown or intentionally omitted.
Sense 3
English: Translation
3. expr. yes. (informal; less polite than ompo’.)
Morphology
[ROOT] pro-form; interr.; expr. form
Notes
| Function | Formula | Form | Gloss |
| Root | ROOT | ono | what?; something; yes (informal) |
| AF Future | mag- + ROOT | magono | what will/do? |
| AF Progressive | ni- + ROOT | niono | what is doing? |
| AF Perfective (OM) | -omin- + ROOT | ominono | what did do? |
| Eventive | na- + ROOT | naono | what happened? |
| Eventive (emphatic) | na- + pa- + ROOT | napaono | what exactly happened? |
| AF Perfective (MAG) | nag- + ROOT | nagono | what did do? |
| PF Future | ROOT + -on | onoon | what shall be done? |
| PF Progressive | ni- + ROOT + -en | nionoen | what is being done? |
| PF Contemplated | mi- + ROOT + -en | mionoen | what are we going to do? |
| PF Prospective | o- + ROOT + -en | oonoen | what ought to be done? |
| PF Imperative | ROOT + -i | onoi | do something to it |
| APF Future | ROOT + -an | onoan | what is it for? |
| APF Perfective | in- + ROOT + -an | inonoan | what was done with it? |
| APF Progressive | pi- + ROOT + -an | pionoan | what is being used for? |
| Instrument | pang- + ROOT | pangono | what tool? |
| Manner | pa- + ROOT | paono | how? |
| Relational | ka- + ROOT | kaono | how are things or persons related? |
| Reciprocal/Relational | mag- + kaono | magkaono | how much?; how are they related? |
| Agent | taga- + ROOT | tagaono | assigned to do what? |
| Habitual Agent | para- + ROOT | paraono | what does someone usually do? |
| Iterative | pa- + ROOT + ROOT | paonoono | just hanging around; however one manages |
| Temporal | kina- + ROOT | kinaono | when? |
| Expressive | oro- + ROOT | oroono | sulk; pout |
| Expressive Progressive | ni- + oroono | nioroono | sulking; cranky |
| Recursive Reduplication | ni- + onoono | nionoono | fussy; cranky; whimpering |
| Stative | naka- + ROOT | nakaono | how situated? what condition? |
| Potential | maka- + ROOT | makaono | what might happen? what might be able to do? |
| Recursive Resolution | pi- + naono | pinaono | how was it handled? resolved? |
| Comparative | baga + ROOT | bagaono | how much?; resembling what? |
| Purpose | sa- + ROOT | saono | for what? |
| Indefinite | maski + ROOT | maskiono | whatever |
| Indefinite Relation | maski + arin | maskiarin | whichever |
| Discourse | nya + maskiono | nyamaskiono | oh whatever; who cares |
| Recursive Indefinite | nya + maski + pinaono | nyamaskipinaono | however it was handled—I don’t care |
| Recursive Potential | nya + maski + makaono | nyamaskimakaono | whatever may happen or be done—I don’t care |
| Recursive Temporal | nya + maski + kasoono | nyamaskikasoono | whenever that was—I don’t care |
Linguistic History
The ono family demonstrates the breadth of Boie’nen derivational morphology, participating productively across voice, aspect, focus, manner, purpose, relation, degree, agency, instrumentality, location, and indefiniteness. Many derivatives have become lexicalized while remaining morphologically transparent, and some themselves serve as the bases for further derivation through recursive agglutination, in which previously derived forms are reanalyzed as new stems for additional morphological expansion. —XXX— As a result, the ono paradigm provides one of the clearest illustrations of the Boie’nen highly productive, hierarchical derivational system and serves as a model for understanding the language’s agglutinative morphology.
Source
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