[-an]

[-an]

Type: Suffix

Class: Voice / Derivational

Core Meaning

👉 Marks object, location, or affected 
Functions (STRICTLY ORDERED)

1. OBJECT-FOCUS (PRIMARY)

Marks patient as syntactic focus

• tama’an → hit (target-focused)
• ta’xeban → cover/bury something

👉 Core identity of -an

2. LOCATIVE (DERIVED FROM FOCUS)

Marks place where action occurs

sogal → sogalan

• torog → torogan

👉 location = object of action extended spatially

3. RESULTATIVE

Encodes affected state / outcome

• Nata’xeban yo baxey
  → house = buried

4. ABSTRACT DOMAIN

Forms conceptual nouns

• anas → anasan

🔑 FINAL DEFINITION

-an: object-focus suffix marking the affected entity, extended to location, result, and conceptual domains.