keseg
English: Translation
strength
Bikol: Translation
kusog
Filipino: Translation
strength; force; intensity; power
English: Definition
The capacity to exert, withstand, or transmit force; by extension, the measurable intensity of a sound, action, natural phenomenon, or other force-producing event.
Morphology
[ROOT]
Notes
Part of speech: noun; lexical root
Morphology: Bound or free lexical base √KESEG underlying makeseg, lakeseg, kesegan, kesgan, kinesgan, nakesgan, pinakesgan, komineseg, komeseg, nagikinesgan, nangagikinesgan, nangagikineresgan, and maraksegen.
Notes: The meaning is not restricted to muscular strength. It extends naturally to loudness, forceful movement, heavy rain, and similar manifestations of intensity.
Morphological Overview
| Form | Provisional analysis | Principal function |
| keseg | √KESEG | strength, force, intensity |
| makeseg | ma- + √KESEG | possessing or exhibiting strength |
| lakeseg | la- + √KESEG | emphatically or exceptionally strong |
| kesegan | √KESEG + -an | make something stronger, harder, or louder |
| kesgan | √KESEG + -an, with medial e elision | reduced form of kesegan |
| kinesgan | result/perfective formation from kesgan | was made stronger or louder |
| nagikinesgan | nagi- + kinesgan | two parties competitively intensifying against each other |
| nangagikinesgan | nangagi- + kinesgan | plural/collective competitive intensification |
| nangagikineresgan | expanded iterative form | repeated or sustained mutual escalation |
| nakesgan | na- + kesgan | inadvertently made stronger or louder |
| pinakesgan | pina- + kesgan | deliberately made stronger or louder |
| komineseg | -omin- formation of √KESEG | became or grew stronger, louder, or heavier |
| komeseg | -om- formation of √KESEG | become or grow stronger |
| maraksegen | complex person/propensity formation | brawny, muscular, powerfully built |
Related entries: makeseg; lakeseg; kesegan; kesgan; kinesgan; nakesgan; pinakesgan; komineseg; komeseg; nagikinesgan; nangagikinesgan; nangagikineresgan; maraksegen
Linguistic History
Cognate with Central Bikol “kusog” and other Philippine forms belonging to an Austronesian word family reconstructed as “keseR”, referring to strength, vigor, or powerful intensity.