tobo’

Word class: Noun; verb
Morphological status: Root lexeme

1.

Example

Mangoko akong tobo’.
“I am going to gather mushrooms.”

2. Verb

Examples

Agko mga tominobo’ sa kinamokam.
“Things have sprouted in the swidden field.”

Tominobo’ na yo ngipen.
“The tooth has already erupted.”

Pitobo’an ngipen a agin.
“The child is teething.”
Literally: “A tooth is emerging on the child.”

Tobo’an lomot ana leneb a di’ pilinigan.
“Moss will grow on a wall that is not cleaned.”

Semantic note

The noun and verb senses are closely related: a tobo’ “mushroom” is something that characteristically tobo’ “sprouts or emerges naturally.” The entry may therefore be treated as polysemous, rather than as two unrelated homophones.

Derived forms

magtobo’
mag- + tobo’
To grow or sprout.

mitobo’en
mi- + tobo’ + -en
About to sprout, emerge, or erupt.

nitobo’
ni- + tobo’
Growing or sprouting; in the process of emerging.

tominobo’
-om-in- + tobo’
Grew, sprouted, emerged, or erupted.

tobo’an
tobo’ + -an
To grow or develop on a surface, host, or substrate.

pitobo’an
pi- + tobo’ + -an
Currently developing or emerging on a surface, host, or body part.

patobo’
pa- + tobo’
To cause or encourage growth; a substance or means that promotes growth.

parapatobo’
para- + pa- + tobo’
Grower, cultivator, or propagator.

patorotobo’
pa- + t- + -oro- + tobo’
To keep sprouting, emerge repeatedly, or grow continually.

talobo’
ta- + tobo’
Growth, development, or increase in size.

nagkatobo’
nagka- + tobo’
Sprouted or appeared naturally, especially in quantity.

manobo’
maN- + tobo’ → manobo’
To gather mushrooms; go mushroom hunting.

mipanobo’on
mi- + paN- + tobo’ + -on
About to go mushroom gathering.

Additional examples

Patobo’ nin tanem.
“Plant-growth promoter.”

Parapatobo’ sira nin abaka.
“They are abaca growers.”

Di’ nitalobo’ ana agin.
“The child did not grow.”

Maloya ana talobo’ nya tanem.
“The plant’s growth is slow.”

Nagkatobo’ sa kamokam.
“Mushrooms sprouted in the swidden field.”

Manobo’ ako.
“I am going mushroom gathering.”

Mipanobo’on ako.
“I am about to go mushroom gathering.”

Usage note

Boie’nen has two productive ways of expressing mushroom gathering:

• manobo’—a mushroom-specific verb derived directly from tobo’
• mangokong tobo’—a verbal construction consisting of the general gathering verb mangoko followed by tobo’, the thing gathered

These forms are complementary rather than competing or erroneous.